Stats >> Journal >> Mountain >> References on Suitable Outcomes

Multiple Outcomes

Multiple significance tests and the Bonferroni correction. Bland M. Accessed on 2002-11-29. www.hms.harvard.edu/orsp/coms/BiosafetyResources/Statistics/Multiple_significance_tests_and_the_Bonferroni_correction.htm

Assessing cause and effect from trials: a cautionary note. Howel D, Bhopal R. Control Clin Trials 1994: 15(5); 331-4. [Medline]

Multiple Comparisons Theory and Methods. Hsu JC (1996) London: Chapman & Hall.

Simultaneous Statistical Inference Second Edition. Miller RG (1981) New York: Springer-Verlag.

Cured and broiled meat consumption in relation to childhood cancer: Denver, Colorado (United States). Sarasua S, Savitz DA. Cancer Causes Control 1994: 5(2); 141-8. [Medline]

Multiple comparisons and related issues in the interpretation of epidemiologic data. Savitz D. American Journal of Epidemiology 1995: 142(9); 904-07.

Controlling alpha in a clinical trial: the case for secondary endpoints. D'Agostino RB, Sr. Stat Med 2000: 19(6); 763-6. [Medline]

Lessons learned from recent cardiovascular clinical trials: Part II. DeMets DL, Califf RM. Circulation 2002: 106(7); 880-6. [Medline] [Full text] [PDF]

Discussion for 'Alpha calculus in clinical trials: considerations and commentary for the new millennium'. Koch GG. Stat Med 2000: 19(6); 781-4. [Medline]

ALLHAT, or the Soft Science of the Secondary End Point. Messerli FH. Annals of Internal Medicine 2003: 139(9); 777-780. [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]

Alpha calculus in clinical trials: considerations and commentary for the new millennium. Moye LA. Stat Med 2000: 19(6); 767-79. [Medline]

Random research. Moye LA. Circulation 2001: 103(25); 3150-3. [Medline] [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]

Commentary on 'Alpha calculus in clinical trials: considerations and commentary for the new millennium'. O'Neill RT. Stat Med 2000: 19(6); 785-99. [Medline]

Short Term Outcomes

Efficacy and tolerability of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors compared with tricyclic antidepressants in depression treated in primary care: systematic review and meta-analysis. MacGillivray S, Arroll B, Hatcher S, Ogston S, Reid I, Sullivan F, Williams B, Crombie I. Bmj 2003: 326(7397); 1014. [Medline]

Longitudinal impact of a youth tobacco education program. Mahoney MC, Bauer JE, Tumiel L, McMullen S, Schieder J, Pikuzinski D. BMC Fam Pract 2002: 3(1); 3. [Medline] [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]

Principles from clinical trials relevant to clinical practice: Part I. Califf RM, DeMets DL. Circulation 2002: 106(8); 1015-21. [Medline] [Full text] [PDF]

Subgroup Comparisons

Randomised crossover trial of transdermal fentanyl and sustained release oral morphine for treating chronic non-cancer pain. Allan L, Hays H, Jensen NH, de Waroux BL, Bolt M, Donald R, Kalso E. British Medical Journal 2001: 322(7295); 1154-8. [Medline] [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]

Subgroup analyses in randomised controlled trials: quantifying the risks of false-positives and false-negatives. Brookes ST, Whitley E, Peters TJ, Mulheran PA, Egger M, Davey Smith G. Health Technol Assess 2001: 5(33); 1-56. [Medline] [Abstract] [PDF]

Analysis of clinical trial outcomes: some comments on subgroup analyses. Buyse ME. Controlled Clinical Trials 1989: 10(4 Suppl); 187S-194S. [Medline]

Assessing apparent treatment--covariate interactions in randomized clinical trials. Byar DP. Statistics in Medicine 1985: 4(3); 255-63. [Medline]

Angiographic Prevalence of High-Risk Coronary Artery Disease in Patient Subsets (CASS). Chaitman B, Fisher L, Bourassa M, Davis K, Rogers W, Maynard C, Tyras D, Berger R, Judkins M, Ringqvist I, Mock M, Killip T. Circulation 1981: 64360-367. [Medline]

HIV/AIDS. Vaccine results lose significance under scrutiny. Cohen J. Science 2003: 299(5612); 1495. [Medline]

The miracle of DICE therapy for acute stroke: fact or fictional product of subgroup analysis? Counsell CE, Clarke MJ, Slattery J, Sandercock PAG. British Medical Journal 1994: 309(6970); 1677-1681.

Coronary Heart Disease and All-Causes Mortality in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial: Subgroup Findings and Comparisons with Other Trials. Cutler JA, Neaton JD, Hulley SB, Kuller L, Paul O, Stamler J. Preventive Medicine 1985: 14(3); 293-311.

AIDS vaccine may offer hope only for some ethnic groups. Eaton L. Bmj 2003: 326(7387); 463. [Medline] [Full text] [PDF]

Interpreting the results of secondary end points and subgroup analyses in clinical trials: should we lock the crazy aunt in the attic? Freemantle N. British Medical Journal 2001: 322(7292); 989-91. [Medline] [Full text] [PDF]

Interpretation of results from subset analyses within overviews of randomized clinical trials. Gelber RD, Goldhirsch A. Stat Med 1987: 6(3); 371-88.

Randomised, clinically controlled trial of intensive geriatric rehabilitation in patients with hip fracture: subgroup analysis of patients with dementia. Huusko TM, Karppi P, Avikainen V, Kautiainen H, Sulkava R. British Medical Journal 2000: 321(7269); 1107-11. [Medline] [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]

Randomized trial of bilateral oophorectomy versus tamoxifen in premenopausal women with metastatic breast cancer. Ingle JN, Krook JE, Green SJ, Kubista TP, Everson LK, Ahmann DL, Chang MN, Bisel HF, Windschitl HE, Twito DI, et al. J Clin Oncol 1986: 4(2); 178-85.

Determination of who may derive most benefit from aspirin in primary prevention: subgroup results from a randomised controlled trial. Meade TW, Brennan PJ. BMJ 2000: 321(7252); 13-17. [Medline] [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]

Coronary Heart Disease Death, Nonfatal Acute Myocardial Infarction and Other Clinical Outcomes in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group. The American Journal of Cardiology 1986: 58(1); 1-13. [Medline]

A Consumer's Guide to Subgroup Analyses. Oxman AD, Guyatt GH. Annals of Internal Medicine 1992: 116(1); 78-84.

Subgroups, treatment effects, and baseline risks: some lessons from major cardiovascular trials. Parker A, Naylor C. American Heart Journal 2000: 139(6); 952-61. [Medline]

Large Trial Finds AIDS Vaccine Fails to Stop Infection.. Peterson WP, Journal of Statistics Education Teaching Bits. Accessed on 2003-07-31. www.amstat.org/publications/jse/v11n2/peterson.html

Misleading subgroup analyses in GISSI [letter]. Peto R. Am J Cardiol 1990: 66(7); 771-2. [Medline]

Celestial determinants of success in research. Pollex R, Hegele B, Ban MR. Cmaj 2001: 165(12); 1584. [Medline] [Full text] [PDF]

Repeated doses of porcine secretin in the treatment of autism: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Roberts W, Weaver L, Brian J, Bryson S, Emelianova S, Griffiths AM, MacKinnon B, Yim C, Wolpin J, Koren G. Pediatrics 2001: 107(5); E71.

Supplemental Therapeutic Oxygen for Prethreshold Retinopathy of Prematurity (STOP-ROP), A Randomized, Controlled Trial. I: Primary Outcomes. STOP-ROP Multicenter Study Group. Pediatrics 2000: 105(2); 295-310. [Medline]

Analysis and Interpretation of Treatment Effects in Subgroups of Patients in Randomized clinical trials. Yusuf S. JAMA 1991: 266(1); 93-98.

Surrogate Outcomes

The influence of semen analysis parameters on the fertility potential of infertile couples. Ayala C, Steinberger E, Smith DP. Journal of Andrology 1996: 17(6); 718-25. [Medline]

A perfect correlate does not a surrogate make. Baker SG, Kramer BS. BMC Med Res Methodol 2003: 3(1); 16. [Medline] [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]

InfoPOEMs - The Clinical Awareness System. Barry H, Ebell MH, Hume K, Shaughnessy AF, Slawson DC. Accessed on 2003-10-07. www.infopoems.com/

Does the duration of breast feeding matter? Booth I. Bmj 2001: 322(7287); 625-6. [Medline] [Full text] [PDF]

Users' guides to the medical literature: XIX. Applying clinical trial results. A. How to use an article measuring the effect of an intervention on surrogate end points. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. Bucher HC, Guyatt GH, Cook DJ, Holbrook A, McAlister FA. Jama 1999: 282(8); 771-8. [Medline] [Full text] [PDF]

Relation between tumour response to first-line chemotherapy and survival in advanced colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Meta-Analysis Group in Cancer. Buyse M, Thirion P, Carlson RW, Burzykowski T, Molenberghs G, Piedbois P. Lancet 2000: 356(9227); 373-8. [Medline]

Considerations in the evaluation of surrogate endpoints in clinical trials. summary of a National Institutes of Health workshop. De Gruttola VG, Clax P, DeMets DL, Downing GJ, Ellenberg SS, Friedman L, Gail MH, Prentice R, Wittes J, Zeger SL. Control Clin Trials 2001: 22(5); 485-502. [Medline]

Power of outcome measurements to detect clinically significant changes in pulmonary rehabilitation of patients with COPD. de Torres JP, Pinto-Plata V, Ingenito E, Bagley P, Gray A, Berger R, Celli B. Chest 2002: 121(4); 1092-8. [Medline] [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]

Surrogate end points. Are they meaningful? [editorial; comment]. Fisher DM. Anesthesiology 1994: 81(4); 795-796.

Advances in Clinical Trials in theTwentieth Century. Fisher LD. Annu Rev Public Health 1999: 20109-124. [Medline]

Surrogate markers in AIDS and cancer trials. Fleming TR. Stat Med 1994: 13(13-14); 1423-35; discussion 1437-40.

Surrogate end points in clinical trials: are we being misled? Fleming TR, De Mets DL. Ann Intern Med 1996: 125(7); 605-13. [Medline] [Abstract] [Full text]

On meta-analytic assessment of surrogate outcomes. Gail MH, Pfeiffer R, Van Houwelingen HC, Carroll RJ. Biostatistics 2000: 1(3); 231-46. [Medline]

Sperm Morphology, Motility, and Concentration in Fertile and Infertile Men. Guzick DS, Overstreet JW, Factor-Litvak P, Brazil CK, Nakajima ST, Coutifaris C, Carson SA, Cisnersos P, Steinkampf MP. New England Journal of Med. 2001: 345(19); 1388-1393. [Medline] [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]

The relationship between study design, results, and reporting of randomized clinical trials of HIV infection. Ioannidis JP, Cappelleri JC, Sacks HS, Lau J. Control Clin Trials 1997: 18(5); 431-44.

Surrogate Endpoints and Neuromuscular Recovery. Kopman AF. Anesthesiology 1997: 87(5); 1027-1031.

Maternal nutrition, pregnancy outcome and public health policy. Kramer MS. Cmaj 1998: 159(6); 663-5. [Medline] [Full text]

Quantifying effect of statins on low density lipoprotein cholesterol, ischaemic heart disease, and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis. Law MR, Wald NJ, Rudnicka AR. Bmj 2003: 326(7404); 1423. [Medline] [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]

Duration of breast feeding and arterial distensibility in early adult life: population based study. Leeson CP, Kattenhorn M, Deanfield JE, Lucas A. British Medical Journal 2001: 322(7287); 643-7. [Medline] [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]

Is axillary temperature an appropriate surrogate for core temperature? Lodha R, Mukerji N, Sinha N, Pandey RM, Jain Y. Indian J Pediatr 2000: 67(8); 571-4. [Medline]

Orthopaedic POEMS and reliable research. Peacock KC. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2001: 83-A(3); 464. [Medline] [Full text] [PDF]

Understanding controlled trials: What outcomes should be measured? Roland M, Torgerson D. BMJ 1998: 317(7165); 1075-1080. [Full text] [PDF]

The promise and peril of surrogate end points in cancer research. Schatzkin A, Gail M. Nat Rev Cancer 2002: 2(1); 19-27. [Medline]

What happened to the valid POEMs? A survey of review articles on the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Shaughnessy AF, Slawson DC. Bmj 2003: 327(7409); 266. [Medline] [Abstract] [Full text] [PDF]

Economics Notes: Measuring outcomes in economic evaluations. Torgerson D, Raftery J. BMJ 1999: 318(7195); 1413-. [Full text] [PDF]

Marginal costs and benefits. Torgerson DJ, Spencer A. BMJ 1996: 312(7022); 35-36. [Full text]

Lessons learned from recent cardiovascular clinical trials: Part I. DeMets DL, Califf RM. Circulation 2002: 106(6); 746-51. [Medline] [Full text] [PDF]

Case-control study, meta-analysis, and bouillabaisse: putting the calcium antagonist scare into context. Messerli FH. Ann Intern Med 1995: 123(11); 888-9. [Medline] [Full text]

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